This question asks candidates to analyse the problem scenario in terms of the rules relating to the waiver of existing contractual rights. Estoppel may be mentioned, but there is no need to go into any great detail.

8–10 marks 
A thorough to complete understanding of the legal issues in the question together with a clear analysis of the problem scenario and a correct application of the law to it.

5–7 marks 
Good understanding of the law and supporting analysis and application.

2–4 marks 
Some, if limited, knowledge of the law. Perhaps lacking in analysis and application.

0–1 mark 
Little understanding of the legal issues arising from the question.